Refractory and non-conducting heat-magazin e



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

v U. H. LAND. REFRACTORY AND NON-GONDUGTING HEAT MAGAZINE. N0. 528,272.Patented Oct. 30, 1894 1% f x 'x 64 I l' 1 IQ i i l M II In a a 0 1mm:mm u v 115 y. E

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, G.H.LAND.

REFRACTORY AND NON-CONDUCTING HEAT MAGAZINE. No. 528,272.

Patented Oct. '30, 1894.

flil4- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES H. LAND, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

REFRACTORY AND NON-CONDUCTING HEAT-MAGAZINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 528,272, dated October30, 1894.

Application filed September 29, 1893. Serial No. 486,786. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. LAND, a citizen of the United States,residing at Detroit, county of \Vayne, State of Michigan, have inventeda certain new and useful Improvement in Refractory and Non-ConductingHeat-Magazines; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of thisspecification.

My invention has for its object a refractory and non-conducting heatmagazine for securing more perfect combustion and super-heating flame,the same being constructed and combined, in the example shown herewith,to form a furnace.

The device embodying my invention is designed for the purpose ofaccumulating, holding and concentrating the heat originating fromcombustible substances, more especially, such as coal-gas, natural gas,petroleum, or the vapor of gasoline.

My invention consists of the construction, combination and arrangementsof devices and appliances herein specified and claimed, and illustratedin the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical section.Fig. 2 is a plan View of the lower or first magazine section. Fig. 3 isa plan view of the second section of the magazine. Fig. 4 is a plan Viewof the third magazine section, and Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of theupper or fourth magazine section on the line wx of Fig. 1.

I carry out my invention as follows:-A is a heat magazine constructed ofrefractory material adapted to accumulate, concentrate, store up, andhold heat. I prefer to construct this magazine in several sectionsimposed one upon another in the order shown.

A is the lower section; A the next orsec- 0nd section located upon thelower section. A is the third or next higher section, and A is the upperor fourth section. Each of these sections is constructed, preferably, offirebrick, provided with a series of partitions, or calefactory walls,projecting well inward toward the center, so constructed and arranged asto form a central contracted draft-opening and outer spaces or fluesthereabout, communicating therewith. I construct the lower section Awith a series of refractory partitions or walls a located thereinpreferably arranged in radial lines, adapted and designed to secure moreperfect combustion,

the partitions being designed and constructed so that the flame mayreadily pass therebetween, and upward through the flues formed thereby.Thus the partitions a may he so constructed as to form spaces, or flues,a' therebetween. These spaces are preferably enlarged toward theexterior of the magazine, the same having contracted openings betweenthe extremities of the partitions communicating with the central flue orpassage a 7 The second section of the magazine A carries out the sameprinciple of construction although the partitions a may be modifiedinform to receive a suitable receptacle, as a muffle E, or in otherinstances a crucible. The muffle if employed, is supported at one endupon the outer wall of the section and at the inner end the adjacentpartitions may be extended and shaped to form supports for the muffle.

The third section A is cut away to set over the outer end of the muffleand permit free access thereto. The upper section A is of analogousconstruction to the lower section of the magazine. The upper portion ofthis section communicates with a flue A which.

may lead to a chimney. The space A at the top of the section A isdesigned to make plenty of room for the free passage of the flame andalso get more distance for-the radiation of heat back on the muffle.

B is a burner located below the lower section A. This burner may be ofany suitable construction. I prefer to employ a burner so constructedand arranged as to cause the outer or greater mass of flame to passupward through the outer flues of, and a central flame passing upward.mainly through the central flue a The burner shown is constructed withone or more air passages b to admit an excess of air between the outerand inner flames, above mentioned. This burner may be constructed of aseries of ordinary Bunsen burners or of an ordinary slotted burner asshown in the drawings. The burner which is shown is formed with anexterior annular set of oriflees as shown at h, and with an interior setof central openings as shown at 11 The air p g 1 open between theexterior and interior set of orifices so as to supply the greatestvolume of air between the exterior and interior flames and into theinterior flue a of themagazine, whereby said magazine with itspartitions or walls or and the central flame, becomes highlysuperheated. It will be seen that the passage of the flames upwardthrough the outer passages a and central flue a heats the partitions a,which are made thin at their inner extremities, into incandescence; andit will also be seen that the central flame becomes superheated throughthis agency to such an extent that the excess of oxygen drawn into thecentral opening a through the air passage b causes the perfectcombustion of every atom of carbon in the central flame.

I have designated the apparatus above described as a heat magazine forsecuring more perfect combustion and superheating flame, for thepractical reason that in the particular arrangement of its parts, thefunctions sought after are secured by these particular features ofconstruction, and the new functions secured are entirely within itself,in connection with the burner, the same being useful for many purposes,outside of a mere furnace, as for example in stoves, grates, &c., forheating buildings.

It will be evident that the burner alone cannot of itself produce thehigh heat efficiency above described, as the superheating of the centralflame, the accumulation, concentration, storing and holding of the heatare caused by the construction of the heat magazine alone. The partitionwalls a. are so constructed that the flame in passing upwardtherebetween and thereabout through the outer flues and central flueconverts them into incandescent points and being made of nonconductingrefractory material, and arranged with numerous air spaces atherebetween, communicating with the central flue, the essentialfeatures are furnished by this con struction to form a heat magazine ofhighest efficiency. a

I contemplate making the various sections of the heat magazine induplicate so that the parts can be readily renewed whenever desired. Iwould have it understood also, that while I have shown and described theheat magazine as made in various sections, I do not limit itsconstruction to any particular number of sections nor indeed do I limitmyself to the construction of the magazine whether of a single integralstructure or in sections as coming within the scope of my invention.

In the drawings I have shown the heat magazine surrounded by a metaljacket (I. This metal jacket may also be constructed in sections 0, C Cand 0 corresponding to the sections of the magazine. The sections of thejacket may be constructed with inwardly directed flanges c at their baseto project inward between the edges of the corresponding magazinesections. This will facilitate the firmness of the construction of thewhole and yet allow the jacket to be removed, or such portion thereof asmay be necessary, in repairing the magazine. Between the metal jacketsections and the corresponding magazine sections, may be nterposedalayer ofasbestos I), or other suitable material which will also add tothe stabil ty of the entire construction. So also the ad acent edges ofthemagazine sections may have a groove and tenon engagement, one withanother, as shown at 0.

I prefer to make the metal jacket sections flaring outward at the top tofacilitate the introduction of the asbestos between the adjacentsections. I prefer also that the metal jacket sections should telescopeone another loosely leaving room indicated by the heavy line at d forasbestos therebetween to make an air-tight joint.

It is well understood that metal com ng in contact with the flame ofcombustion, the metal being a conductor of heat, ch lls the carbon inthe flame and prevents perfect combustion, while a non-conductingsubstance, such as fire-brick, has a tendency to hold and concentratethe heat, thereby accumulating and storing the heat, so that the carbon1n the flame is more readily consumed in consequence. For this reason Ihave devised the above described heat magazine made of refractorymaterial provided with non-conducting, calefactory walls or partitionspro ectlng well inward toward the center into the midst of thecombustion chamber, in order to hold and concentrate and store up theheat and thereby maintain a high degree of heat therein sufficient toenable the oxygen to combine freely with the carbon, which it doesnotreadily and perfectly do in the use of the ordinary metallic linings. Itis thus evident that the zone of the flame is throughout the central andouter communicating flues, so that the inner ends of the partitions orwalls form calefactory points within the central portion of the zone ofthe flame.

What I claim as my. invention is- 1. The heat magazine herein described,constructed of refractory material with walls or partitions projectinginward close to the center of the magazine, forminga central flue andsurrounding flues opening thereinto, the inner ends of said partitionsor walls forming calefactory points within the central zone of theflame,and said magazine having in combination therewith a receptacle locatedtherein supported upon the inner ends of portions of said calefaetorypoints and closely surrounded by other of said calefactory points,substantially as set forth.

2. A heat magazine constructed of refractory material having lateralpartitions 01 walls projecting inward close to the center of themagazine, forming a central contracted flue and outer deeply recessedflues communicating with the central flue, a burner or heater extendingbeneath the central flue and the outer fines, said flues open at thebase and top to admit the passage of flame and air through the centraland outer flues, the inner ends of said partitions or walls formingcalefactory points within the central zone of the flame, substantiallyasset forth.

3. In combination a heating device and a heat magazine constructed ofrefractory material having inwardly projecting partitions or wallsforming a central contracted flue and interior fluescommunicatingtherewith, the inner ends of said partitions or walls formingcalefactory points within the central zone of the flame in saidmagazine, the central and outer flues receiving the flame from theheating device, and air inlets into said outer fiues and interior flues,and between the flame admitted into the outer flues and central flue,substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification in the presence of twowitnesses.

CHARLES H. LAND. Witnesses:

N. S. WRIGHT, H. R. WHEELER.

